Definition
Data Privacy is a principle ensuring that personal data and other protected information are collected, used and shared in accordance with applicable law, a justified purpose and the rights of the people concerned.
Human Explanation
It addresses who may use data about people, for what purpose, under what conditions and with what degree of transparency and control.
Why it Matters
Respecting privacy protects people's rights, builds trust and reduces legal, ethical and reputational risk.
Conceptual Boundary
Data Privacy is not the same as Data Security. Privacy asks whether and how data should be used; security asks how it should be protected. Data may be strongly secured and still be collected or used without adequate justification.
Practical Perspective
Privacy should be considered when purposes, data flows and analytical processes are designed, not only after a system has been implemented. Collecting less data and limiting its use to a clear purpose can reduce risk before technical controls are applied.